Sunday, June 5, 2016

Har ha-bayit b'yadeinu: What does having Jerusalem mean to us?



Every I time I hear the recording or see the images, I feel something inside.  Jerusalem has a powerful hold on our souls and imaginations.

Sunday is Yom Yerushalayim, commemorating and celebrating 49 years since the reunification of Jerusalem during the Six-Day War.  I think that Yom Yerushalayim has a different feeling than Yom Ha'Atzmaut.  Yom Ha'Atzmaut is the grand moment of national return, the rebirth of Jewish sovereignty in our ancient land.  Yom Yerushalayim is more spiritual, a profound and intimate opportunity to joyously celebrate the reunification of the Jewish soul with the Holy City.

How does Yom Yerushalayim make you feel?

I never had to imagine an Israel without a unified Jerusalem.  On Sunday, each of us should take one action to show our support for Israel, Jerusalem, and the Jewish people. 

"Har ha-bayit b'yadeinu!" was not only the announcement of a military objective in 1967.  It remains a declaration of pride in the Jewish present and hope for the future.


Monday, May 30, 2016

What are you remembering today?

What first comes to mind when you think of Memorial Day? 



Many people would respond the long weekend or the beginning of summer.  This is no accident.  In 1971, Congress passed a law to schedule four national holidays on Mondays to give federal workers a three-day holiday weekend. 

Over the weekend, I heard a number of people comment on the contrast between Israel’s Memorial Day, Yom HaZikaron, and ours.  In Israel, it seems to be much more meaningful.  The whole country stops and remembers.  In the US, the closest we seem to come to national commemoration is by attending a parade or attending a barbecue.

While Memorial Day in the US may have morphed into the opening of summer, it has a long history of reflection and commemoration.  Did you know that Congress authorized a national moment of remembrance to take place at 3:00 pm?

Personally, I have vivid memories of watching the scenes from Arlington National cemetery including the laying of a wreath at the Tomb of the Unknowns.  (I’m actually watching it right now with my family.)  There is something powerful about the formality, dignity, and gravity that mark these memorial ceremonies.  We encounter the sacrifice of those who allow us to live freely, and we have the chance to ponder those events and ideals which are greater than ourselves.  Even if we did not serve to defend our country or even know people who did, we are clearly the beneficiaries of their sacrifice.

Such is the power of memory.  Memory connects us with the past and unites those with a shared experience or history.  Think of a conversation you may have had that brought to mind something from the past.  All of a sudden, you are transported back to that place or time to relive a formative experience or reconnect with people who made an impact on you.

Rabbi Jonathan Sacks captures the power and essential role of memory:

There is a profound difference between history and memory. History is his story – an event that happened sometime else to someone else.  Memory is my story – something that happened to me and is part of who I am.  History is information.  Memory, by contrast, is part of identity.  I can study the history of other peoples, cultures and civilizations.  They deepen my knowledge and broaden my horizons.  But they do not make a claim on me.  They are the past as part. Memory is the past as present, as it lives on in me.  Without memory there can be no identity.

The Chief Rabbi’s Haggadah (Essays) p. 29

We are blessed to live in the United States.  As Jews, memory is not only a function of the mind, it is a sacred obligation.  We invoke memory in our religious observances and to connect with our past.  We recently observed Yom HaShoah and Yom HaZikaron, two modern days of memory and purpose. 


The image above is of my grandfather’s discharge from the US Army following his service in World War Two.  I know it is not Veteran’s Day.  (Even fewer people commemorate that one.)  My grandfather was able to leave Germany and come to America in 1938 and bring over his parents and siblings in 1940 before serving his new country honorably.  This family memory is part of my Memorial Day observance.  Without my grandfather’s experience, I would not be here.  Without so many other experiences, none of us would.

Today, we have another opportunity:  To honor the sacrifice of so many in shaping and maintaining this great country and to reflect upon the power of memory in helping us lead more meaningful lives.

God bless America!

Friday, May 20, 2016

In Israel, even the bathrooms are Jewish



Yes.  It's a picture of me rappelling down Machtesh Rimon in southern Israel.  I'm here with the Ramaz 8th grade for their class trip.  It's been an amazing whirlwind week as we go from north to south and then Shabbat in Jerusalem.

Being in Israel is an incredible reinforcement of being part of a diverse Jewish people.  One encounters Jews with origins all over the world.  Also, one sees identifiable Jews in all sorts of roles, positions, and jobs not found in the diaspora.  When was the last time you met a sanitation worker with tzitzit?

This makes Israel one giant "Jewish living laboratory."  Consider the following:

The bathroom in the vicinity of the attractions in Mitzpe Ramon requires paying a 2 shekel entrance fee.  For a long time (this is my 10th consecutive Ramaz Israel trip), an attendant manned the front door and also kept the restroom clean.  It was actually a "family business" operated by a fascinating Black Hebrew couple whose children are IDF veterans and professionals.  This year, the attendant was gone.  Instead, there was a sign that said, "Please pay 2 shekel to use the restroom inside the store and receive the code to enter."

Now, I bet you see where this is going.

The code remains the same all day.  All it takes is one person paying 2 shekel, and the code is now public knowledge for all.  In addition, since there is no attendant, someone could wait right outside the door and wait for another person to exit and just go right in.  I saw both of these scenarios play out while I tried to figure out the new arrangement.  (In one case, as one person exited, his friend asked, "Shilamta - Did you pay?" and received the response,
"Betach she'lo - Of course not!"

Personally, I paid the 2 shekel to get the code that I already had heard everyone exchange outside.  But I wondered what other people thought of this.  So, being that I was on a trip with students and teachers in a public place full of Israelis, I asked around.  Responses ranged from "Of course, one should pay" to "They don't care" to "They used to charge to pay people to keep the  place clean; now it's a mess and it's not fair to have to pay."

I found myself thinking that this a class on Jewish ethics in the making. And it involves all sorts of Jewish characters in a Jewish state!

In a strange way (I'm talking about a bathroom here!), the episode made me think about how amazing it is to have a Jewish country.  Forget the coalition politics and security challenges, Israel is an amazing, inspiring, miraculous exercise in applied Jewish living.

Even the bathrooms in Israel tell a story and can connect us to a diverse set of Jewish characters and a question of Jewish ethics.


Friday, May 13, 2016

Holy: How?

How do we understand the idea of holiness?  What does it mean when we say, “Be holy” (Vayikra 19:2) or “That is so holy!”

Some of the more common answers to this question are that holy refers to being special or important or sublime or elevated.  Holiness means to refrain and separate from the physical and embrace the spiritual.  Holiness means to live with higher purpose.

There are “holy” activities like observing the mitzvot.  There are also “holy” days which are special and allow us to connect more powerfully to God.  Then there are “holy” objects, items which are sacred and demand respect and reverence.

All valid interpretations of holiness.

Rabbi Moshe Feinstein, one of the leading rabbis of the 20th century, notes that the command to be holy is followed by some very simple and logical precepts like honoring one’s parents, not stealing, and dealing justly.  It would seem that more difficult and complicated religious observances lead to holiness and not these!  How do these mitzvot relate to being holy?

Rabbi Feinstein answers that we see that holiness can be achieved even when one engages in everyday, social affairs.  One is not only holy on Shabbat or holidays or when keeping kosher; one is holy when acting properly towards others and doing the right thing.  Holiness is an all-consuming state.  If we watch ourselves with regard to the small things, then we can be sure that we will carry this over to the big things as well.

Where is holiness?  Everywhere.

How can we be holy?  Live a purposeful Jewish life.  

That’s one way to start.

Wednesday, May 11, 2016

Love Israel more!

What are your first memories of Yom Ha’Zikaron and Yom Ha’Atzmaut?

As a child, I remember a yahrzeit candle lit in the dining room.  I knew it was not a holiday on which yizkor is recited nor was there a yahrzeit.  I remember being told that this was to remember Israel’s fallen heroes and to participate in Israel’s Memorial Day.  The next night, my parents would hang a giant Israeli flag in the den to mark Israel’s Independence Day.  (We were quite the patriotic family as my father also flew an American flag outside our front door for Memorial Day, July 4th, and Labor Day.)  I did not go to a Religious Zionist day school, and we had no assembly, special songs, or Hallel.  My Yom Ha’Atzmaut celebration was that giant flag along with my mother making falafel for dinner. 


My strong childhood memories paved the way for these modern Israeli holidays to mean so much to me.  Yom Ha’Zikaron and Yom Ha’Atzmaut are sacred days.  When I watch as Israelis stop what they are doing as the siren sounds; or see the images of families remembering loved ones; or watch the videos (like this one) that tell the inspiring story of Israel, I am filled with awe, joy, reverence, and inspiration.  How fortunate we are to have the State of Israel!  We must commemorate, celebrate, and be grateful to God for this miracle!

There are all sorts of articles being written and messages sent out in honor of Israel’s 68th birthday.  I am sure you have received plenty, and you can easily find them on the internet or Facebook.  It is heartening that so many people with so many different perspectives are celebrating Yom Ha’Atzmaut and recognizing all that Israel represents.

One thing I noticed in a number of messages and articles is that their authors temper the congratulatory spirit by addressing some of the problems Israel faces and acknowledging some of the voices critical of Israel.  We all know that the situation in Israel can be “complicated.”  It is a wonderful country, a beacon of freedom in a tyrannical region, a high tech juggernaut, and our homeland.  But…There is always a “but.” 

It is legitimate to raise the tough issues and engage in self-examination and self-criticism.  (If you read the Israeli press, you’ll know how good Israelis are at it!)  When we celebrate Israel, however, the focus should be on the positive.  For one day – or even just the birthday message, let’s focus on the greatness of Israel.  Tomorrow, we can get back to addressing any shortcomings.

In today’s world, there is concern about the Jewish community’s connection to Israel.  It is weakening – especially within the younger generation.  A frank conversation is needed as is more education.  But one way to instill pride and strengthen the positive feeling for Israel is love it even more.  Let’s identify all the great things Israel has accomplished, is accomplishing, and will accomplish.  Are there problems to address? Absolutely!  We can better address those with a foundation of a strong love for Israel. 

In the early twentieth century someone brought to Rabbi Avraham Yitzhak Kook, first Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of pre-state Israel, the following dilemma.  He had given his son a good Jewish education.  He had always kept the commands at home.  Now, however, the son had drifted far from Judaism.  He no longer kept the commandments. He did not even identify as a Jew.  What should the father do?

“Did you love him when he was religious?” asked Rav Kook.  “Of course,” replied the father. 
“Well then,” Rav Kook replied, “Now love him even more.

Israel is only 68 years young.  How can we better connect ourselves and our children to the State of Israel?  How can we properly evaluate, praise, and even critically discuss the Jewish State?

On this Yom Ha’Atzmaut, let’s love Israel more.

Thursday, May 5, 2016

Survivor Superheroes

 

“Can I get their autograph?”

This was the question some Ramaz 3rd and 4th graders were asking on Wednesday in advance of a very special program that brought them together with seniors from our community and Holocaust survivors from Brooklyn.  It was part of an annual program in which the KJ Senior Lunch & Learn Program, in conjunction with UJA-Federation, invites Holocaust survivors to come to KJ for a delicious lunch, a student musical performance, and some outstanding Jewish intellectual stimulation.  (Guess who spoke at yesterday’s program?)  This year’s attendees are participants in the programming of The Blue Card, an organization that assists Holocaust survivors.

The students, members of the Lower School Chorus, were told they would be singing in front of a very special audience and have an opportunity to meet with the seniors after they sang.  They were also encouraged to ask them questions about their lives after the performance.  I guess these instructions and the mention of a “special” audience got the kids thinking about asking for autographs.

It is a cute story, but it is absolutely right on the mark.  As my colleague, Andrew Leibowitz, noted while we watched the program, “We are in the presence of greatness.”

Yom HaShoah is a time to remember.  We recount the events, sing the songs, and watch the films that strengthen our commitment to remember and never forget.  This is part of what Emil Fackenheim called our “614th Commandment” of not giving Hitler a posthumous victory.

It is also a time to stand in awe of the survivors.  Just imagining the horrors of the Shoah gives me the chills.  To read about, see, hear, meet, and interact with people who survived such a hellish experience is just incredible.  Not only did they survive, they have lived!  With the memories of their experiences, they persevered.  They had jobs, created families, and they wake up each day and continue to live on!

They are superheroes.

For me, recognizing this is at the core of Yom HaShoah. We need to seek out more survivor stories and opportunities to interact with these heroes.

Each year, Israel’s official Yom Hashoah commemoration involves the lighting of 6 torches by 6 survivors.  Please read their stories.  They gave me the chills – as should the stories of each and every survivor.

The other night, I was flipping through the TV channels and came across the documentary entitled “Treblinka’s Last Witness,” which tells the story of Samuel Willenberg.  It is sad, of course, but it is also the story of our people.  From Poland to Israel to Jewish revival.  Willenberg passed away just two and a half months ago on February 19.

Let’s not forget the world’s oldest man, Israeli Holocaust survivor Yisrael Kristal.  112 years old!  Talk about survival!

When I encounter the Holocaust, I am often filled with questions and some anger.  “How could this have happened?!?”  When I encounter survivors, I am filled with hope and confidence. 

92 year-old Hilda Weiss was one of the participants in the KJ program.  In heavily accented English, she shared her thoughts on her visit to KJ with KJ Executive Director Leonard Silverman:

Y’know what for me was the best thing today?  The Yiddisher Kindelach, they were better than the lunch!  Such beautiful Yiddisher Kindelach.  Such strong voices.  They tried to kill all of the Yiddisher Kindelach, but you see that they failed.  I lost so much, but we won, you see.  We won.  Of my whole family – we were from Hungary – I am the only one.  Everyone gone.  In Auschwitz.  Before my eyes.  When we got there, the nice girls from Poland who had been there for some time tried to warn us.  They said:  “You see that smoke and you smell that cooking smell?  It’s crazy to understand, but that’s your parents.  Accept it, and try to live in this hell.”  I didn’t want to believe, but then I saw with my own eyes . . . [faraway gaze] . . . and now I am here listening to sweetness from Yiddisher Kindelach who were not killed by that monster, Hitler.  Tanks a lot.  You did a good thing having everyone come today.

This morning in shul, I sat next to an elderly man who was there for the brit of his first great-grandchild.  He said, “Hitler tried to take everything from me, and here I am celebrating the 4th generation.”  I can think of no better commemoration of Yom HaShoah than that.

The number of survivors is dwindling, and I shudder when I think that, at some point, students will not get the chance to sing for survivors and ask them questions. For now, let us soak up their stories, their presence and their example, and commit ourselves to living our lives as heroically as we can.

That will be more valuable than any autograph.

Thursday, April 21, 2016

Moishele the water carrier's Seder holds the key to Jewish continuity


I can’t get the word out of my head.

TRADITION.

It is what lays at the root of Pesach.  From the menu to the melodies and the chumrot (stringencies) to charoset, so much about the Festival of Freedom comes down to tradition.

How strongly we are anchored to tradition can make all the difference in Jewish identity and continuity.  (This is going to be long, so please bear with me.)

A few months ago, I read an article in the Washington Post entitled “The Foreskin and the Hindsight” written by Jim Sollisch.  Sollisch, a creative director at an ad agency in Cleveland, describes the American Jewish experience using his family’s example.  He describes his own feelings of Jewish identity, how his children experience their Jewishness, and comments on what it means to be an American Jew today.  The American identity is taking over.

I read the article and commented to friends and family: This could the saddest thing I ever read.

Here are some excerpts:

Sollisch is married to a non-Jew.  He describes the bris of his first son - which was conducted in a ritually Jewish way, but it was a little nerve-racking.  So his second son had a hospital circumcision on the third day of his life.

The attending physician played the role of mohel while I muttered the prayers. There was not a bagel in sight.

And that’s how the death of Judaism proceeds, one accommodation at a time. I didn’t feel bad about it. I agreed that this made sense. Compromises always make sense…

Sollisch may not feel bad about it, BUT I DO! 

I am absolutely not judging him or anyone.  For me, though, an appreciation for and dedication to tradition is the lifeblood of Jewish continuity.  It is one thing for Jews to be observing less or for assimilation and intermarriage to be on the rise, but when Jews don’t even feel bad about the weakening of the Jewish part of their identity, I feel like tearing keriah in sadness and mourning.

A few other highlights from the article:

These future grandchildren of mine will not be Jewish.

Some days this knowledge makes me sad. Most days it doesn’t…

Although I am the most secular of Jews, my Jewish identity runs deep…Without my Jewishness, I would be only an American, vague and sort of soulless, like a strip mall or a tract home in a sprawling suburb… 

I am glad Sollisch’s Jewish identity runs deep, but his attitude is one that is destroying the Jewish people on so many levels.

To be a Jew outside of Israel means to be hyphenated.

To be a Jew means to be burdened – I prefer privileged - by Jewish history.

To be a Jew means to be chosen and, yes, sometimes persecuted.

To be a Jew means to know that there is anti-Semitism – even personally.

To be a Jew means not to aspire to be insiders or members of the club if the price of admission is to give up even a small piece of one’s Jewish identity.

Sollisch should not be happy about that.  I know I am not.

We live in complicated times when Jewish identity cannot be taken for granted and the connections to tradition are unravelling.  It’s been that way for over a century.

Still, it is important to speak about, teach about, share stories about, and keep repeating the basic truths of who we are.

We are Jews.

We believe in God, Torah, and the mission of the Jewish people to be a light to the world.

There is plenty of interference with this message in contemporary society.  We should never allow ourselves to stop articulating and reinforcing the basic truths of who we are.

The Pesach Seder must be about more than retelling a story.  It is about reinforcing the core values at the center of our Jewish identity. 

Here is the story of another Jew and his family and the Seder he experienced.  It is one of the classic Chasidic stories which can often (especially in our more cynical times) be dismissed as outdated or silly.  I find great meaning and power in it.  It is the story of Moishele the water carrier’s Seder as told by Reb Shlomo Carlebach.  (Text below from The Night That Unites Haggadah.)

After one Seder with Rebbe Tzvi Elimelech, the Hasidim got together and said, “Rebbe, there is nobody who makes a Seder as holy as yours.”

Rebbe Zvi Elimelech said, “Let me tell you something.  Do you want to know whose Seder reached the highest in heaven?  It was the Seder of Moishele the water carrier.  His Seder was the best in the world.  I’ll have him tell you tomorrow in his own words what he did.”

The next day, after prayers, the Hasidim came to Moishele the water carrier and said, “The Rebbe would like to see you.”  Moishele came to the Rebbe, and he began to cry bitterly.  “I am so sorry.  I don’t know what came over me, Rebbe.  I promise you I will never do it again.”  The Rebbe replied, “Moishele, just tell us what you did.”

The poor water carrier said, “Rebbe, you know I’m so poor and I have so little joy in life.  The only joy I have is that sometimes I get a little drunk.  But everybody knows that on Passover you can’t drink vodka since it’s made from grain.  So I had a great idea.  The night before Passover I would drink all night, and then I would be drunk for the whole holiday.  So that’s what I did!  I drank, and I drank.  And soon I was out cold.”

On Seder night, Moishele’s wife came to wake him for the Seder.  She said to him, “Moishele, it’s really not fair.  Everyone is having a Seder.  How about us?  We have little children, and they are waiting for their father to start the Seder!”  Moishele said, “My dear wife, I wish I could suddenly be not drunk, but I can’t.  Please let me sleep a little more.”

By now, Mosihele regretted drinking so much before Pesach.  “Oy, how I regretted it!  I would have done anything not to be drunk, but I couldn’t do anything about it.  Every fifteen minutes, my wife came in and said, ‘Moishele, please! The children are waiting for the Seder!’  But I couldn’t move.  Finally, I said to my sweet wife, ‘Please wake me up in an hour, and then we can start the Seder.’

“My wife came back in an hour.  Then she came in another half hour. Then she came in and said, ‘The night is almost over! Please, we must have a Seder for our children!’

“I was so broken.  Here are my precious children, and I am such a lousy father.  I am not even giving them a Seder on Pesach night!  So I said to my wife, ‘Please call in the children.’

“She called in the children.  I asked them to all come and sit next to me on the bed.  And this is what I said:
           
I want you to know, children, that I am so sorry that I drank.  I will never do it again!  Now, I know that it is Seder night.  I know that we didn’t eat the matzah or the marror together as a family.  But, at least, even though I am drunk, let me tell you the story of Passover.

Children, I want you to know that God created the world in seven days.  I want you to know that there was Adam and Eve, and they didn’t listen to God so they were thrown out of the garden.  There was a flood, there was the tower of Babel.  But then came Abraham and Sarah, and they began fixing the world again.  Then Isaac and Rebecca, and Jacob and Rachel and Leah, and their twelve holy sons.

But then came the evil Pharaoh who made us into slaves.  And tonight, God took us out of Egypt.  So I want you to swear to me right now that you will always know that the same God that took us out of Egypt is still alive.  It’s the same God.  Our ancestors were slaves for two hundred and ten years in Egypt.  They were crying, their lives were so full of pain.  It was unbearable.  They prayed to the one and only God, and the Master of the World heard their prayers. 

Please remember, my dear children, that whenever a Jew cries to God, God always hears our prayers and takes us out of our troubles.  Children, swear to me tonight that you will never forget that there is one God who listens to our prayers.  Children, make sure you never stop praying.

Moishele turned to the Rebbe and said, “Rebbe, I am so sorry.  I couldn’t say anything more because I was still drunk.  I turned over and fell back to sleep.”

The holy Rebbe Tzvi Elimelech was crying.  The tears rolled down his face.  He turned to his Hasidim and said, “Did you hear that?  I wish that once in my life I would have the privilege to give over belief in God to my children the way Moishele the water carrier gave it over to his children on Seder night.

Mamash, a gevalt!

Now, I know there are lots of questions about this story and that, obviously, Moishele is no model father nor was the Seder halakhic.

But this is the message I will tell my children, my family, my guests, and myself at the Seder.  God created the world.  He took us out of Egypt.  We are Jews and have a responsibility to stay Jewish.

It’s not everything, but it is a powerful start.  If this resonates, the future will be bright.

The complexity of the Jewish experience should not deter us.  It should not lead us to hope for a time when we or our children will have non-hyphenated identities and be insiders and members of the club.  We already have such identities and are members of the club. 

On Pesach, we remember that God took us out of Egypt to become a holy nation.

It’s that simple.  We're Jews.  Tradition!